[3] As the aforementioned has been written, the scheme has been developed very considerable way to

[3] As the aforementioned has been written, the scheme has been developed very considerable way to end. The name
The confederation should be 'Commonwealth of Australia.'
AREA AND CLIMATE OF AUSTRALIA

The illustration on page 8 shows the check carefully and correctly delayed

The illustration on page 8 shows the check carefully and correctly delayed. The signature should be in your usual style familiar to the paying cashier. Sign the name the same way all time. Have the characteristic signature, so familiar to your friends as your person.

When the country borrows money, it gives a guarantee, that money will be returned during specific

When the country borrows money, it gives a guarantee, that money will be returned during specific time and that interest will be paid in regular intervals on motionless norm. This guarantee name the obligation. In actual practice instead of borrowing demanded money and then giving bonds for its returning, the countries usually let out bonds at first, and sell to their person offering the highest price. For example, if our government should borrow 1 000 000$, it would let out bonds for this quantity, declaring definitely percent which will be paid, and would call for offers. If the percent made four percent. And the buyer has paid more than 1000$ for the obligation for 1000$, it, of course, will make less than four percent. On its investment. Such bonds are absolutely safe and always market because of our strong financial position among the world nations. Similar bonds are let out by the states, cities, cities, school districts, etc. They not in usual sense, and their value consists completely in ability letting out through its tax power to meet the suffered obligations. Municipal bonds are let out by cities and other municipalities to lift money for local improvements.
[264]
BONDS AND CERTIFICATES ON THE STOCK

Directors

Directors. All shareholders meet together, and from their number choose certain number of directors. Directors choose the president and other necessary officials and establish quantity of the salary to which needs to pay such officials for their work.

France has one element of the stability, one feature inducive thrift which the majority of other

France has one element of the stability, one feature inducive thrift which the majority of other countries of Europe lacks. In the majority of other European countries the earth is spent by few owners. It is spent to France by many. To the Great Britain and Ireland, for example, the earth which is devoted agriculture, is spent only 19 000 owners. It is spent to France of 3 500 000 owners. There are also 3 500 000 district farms in France, though only sixty percent. From the agricultural ground area of the country it is grown up by owners. It follows from this, that the agriculture has in France a power over attachments and a personal interest of people which it has no in any other country in the world. Approximately forty two percent. From the general number of the population of the country, capable to work, are used in agricultural prosecution. The agriculture, therefore, is one of the most important industries of France. One fifth the full income of its people is made in agriculture. It is impossible to tell, however, that the agriculture in France is pursued so successfully as it is in some other countries - in the Great Britain, for example. France, with sometimes exception of Russia, is the greatest manufacturer of wheat of all nations of Europe, but its manufacture of grain in an acre - is no more than four seventh that from the Great Britain while its manufacture of grain in hand agriculture is only two thirds that from the Great Britain. But the most part of agricultural effort of France is devoted such industries as the poultry can be continued in small farms or potato lifting , for example, and lifting of fruit and ', lifting it' a full product of money in an acre in France [99] are not far except that it is in the Great Britain. That is, while the agriculture more with advantage is continued in Big
The Great Britain than in France, it proportionally supports number of people in France than in the Great Britain.
WATERWAYS OF FRANCE AND RAILWAYS

Business of transportation of the United States is so distinguished and combined, that appropriate

Business of transportation of the United States is so distinguished and combined, that appropriate research of its freight rates and classifications would demand much more a place, than the subject in these lessons can be given.
XVIII. TRANSPORTATION PAPERS

All South American states listed above, except for Brazil, at first have seized and 'are settled'

All South American states listed above, except for Brazil, at first have seized and 'are settled' by Spaniards, and the Spanish language still remains in them language of the government, formation, [179] and a society. Brazil at first have seized and 'is settled' by Portugueses, and
In Brazil the Portuguese language the same as in other place on continent the Spanish language prevails prevails. Among natives various languages are found many, but in Brazil 'common language' one is used, entered by original Portuguese missionaries, and has understood almost all tribes. Between Brazil and Venezuela a triangular part of the country under the name Guiana which, unlike other part of the South America, is still under the control of the European powers. It consists from three French parts of Guiana, the Dutch Guiana, and the British colonies of Guiana of France, Holland, and the Great Britain, accordingly. Disregarding Guiana, the South America has received the all civilisation from Spain and Portugal, and, except for Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil, there was a small or any emigration in any South American country except from these two European countries. To Argentina, however, there was a big emigration from Italy especially, but also and from France, the Great Britain (mainly from Ireland and the Wales), Germany, and Sweden. Similar emigration took place to Uruguay, though foreigners in Uruguay - mainly Basques, people who live on a boundary region between Spain and France, but not neither Spanish, nor the French language. In Brazil immigration where it was not Portuguese, was basically Italian and German, and in moderate area of the extreme south of Brazil there is a big German population. Everywhere in the South America the richest parts are the parts, which profits is the most direct under the influence of recent European emigration.
THE ARGENTINA REPUBLIC

Two examples of bills are resulted in this lesson

Two examples of bills are resulted in this lesson. Everyone is involved in a double copy. The original is sold [37] or sent abroad while the duplicate is kept
As a guarantee against original loss. When to everyone pay another, has no value. Notice similarity between bills as shown here and commercial projects as shown in our last lesson.

But, fertile as soil of India, and benevolent to an agricultural production as its climate in

But, fertile as soil of India, and benevolent to an agricultural production as its climate in general, its climate is not always favorable. It periodically suffers from surplus of a drought. As consequence to artificial it is necessary to address, or the most part of this fertile country often was desert. In one only the British India of irrigation canals of 28 000 miles are under the government control, 14 000 from which have been constructed by existing (British) governmental works of extensive measurements and the highest technical skill. As a whole 28 000 000 acres in the British India depend for their necessary delivery of humidity to the general , and 8 000 000 on irrigation canals. There was it not for these irrigation canals, 2 000 000 acres in Scinde (northwest India) will be infinite desert as Scinde it is almost perfect . On the other hand, in the most part of India the downpour is excessive. Some areas really are the most damp on globe. In Assam, for example (which is also one of the hottest places in India), the downpour makes 600 inches annually, and it was 650. As consequence of the river in India often leave the coast. Therefore, to protect the country on lower river limits from flooding the British government has constructed more than 1500 miles of quays.
[132]
MINERALS OF INDIA

Western Australia (the population 162 394), greatest of all Australian colonies, only has been

Western Australia (the population 162 394), greatest of all Australian colonies, only has been recently settled, and its constitution as self-coping dates of a colony only with 1890. The Most part of its area was never investigated, and the most part, as is known, is bush desert. But there is hardly any part of it, even its areas of 'bush', but it will support sheep when as soon as artesian wells have been shipped, and the colony most parts, especially along coasts, are so fertile as requirement to be. And the climate though it is very dry, is extremely healthy. Perth (43 000) is the capital. Albany - the basic port.
HUGE RESOURCES OF AUSTRALIA. ITS PROBABLE FUTURE

There are many firms which bear two or more bank accounts, and others which sell their paper to

There are many firms which bear two or more bank accounts, and others which sell their paper to banks in the country. In paper purchase it is important to establish, whether the firm has a habit to lift a paper in one bank, starting the loan in other.

Commercial energy of Germany till now have been mainly concentrated on its domestic trade

Commercial energy of Germany till now have been mainly concentrated on its domestic trade. A total sum of this trade foots to 7,000,000,000$, against 6 000 000 000$ France, and in fifty years which it has [107] trebled while that from France has hardly doubled. At Germany is more miles
The railway than any other country in the world except the United States, its distance which is almost 30 000, against 25 000 France and 21 000 Great Britain. Its natural and artificial waterways also it is better in Europe, and its extensive manufacture of mineral riches is transported from a deposit to a foundry and factory, and its extensive manufacture of wood and grain is transported from wood and area in seaport, substantially by means of the water car. Rhine, Elba, Oder, and Vistula all are navigable everywhere at their whole courses through German territory while Weser and Danube also are navigable everywhere on the most parts of their courses. All these navigable rivers are connected by channels. The full length of possible river navigation makes almost 6000 miles while the full length of channels and made the water drain of the rivers, 2700 miles. Besides, in 1895 Kaiser Wilhelm the Channel, not locked seaworthy channel of the vessel, twenty nine foots of six inches by depth and sixty one mile in length there have been finished, connecting the North Sea and Baltic, and is constructed at cost almost 40 000 000$. This channel makes economy almost a single whole of day for commercial steamships, and three days for all sailing vessels occupied in the Baltic trade and trade of the North Sea.
FOREIGN TRADE OF GERMANY

[6] Part of export of the grains made to Hongkong, undoubtedly is intended for consumption in China

[6] Part of export of the grains made to Hongkong, undoubtedly is intended for consumption in China and Japan.
[205]
OUR EXPORT OF CONDITIONS AND ANIMALS
Basic articles of internal export of the United States. [7]
FOOTNOTE:

France has one element of the stability, one feature inducive thrift which the majority of other

France has one element of the stability, one feature inducive thrift which the majority of other countries of Europe lacks. In the majority of other European countries the earth is spent by few owners. It is spent to France by many. To the Great Britain and Ireland, for example, the earth which is devoted agriculture, is spent only 19 000 owners. It is spent to France of 3 500 000 owners. There are also 3 500 000 district farms in France, though only sixty percent. From the agricultural ground area of the country it is grown up by owners. It follows from this, that the agriculture has in France a power over attachments and a personal interest of people which it has no in any other country in the world. Approximately forty two percent. From the general number of the population of the country, capable to work, are used in agricultural prosecution. The agriculture, therefore, is one of the most important industries of France. One fifth the full income of its people is made in agriculture. It is impossible to tell, however, that the agriculture in France is pursued so successfully as it is in some other countries - in the Great Britain, for example. France, with sometimes exception of Russia, is the greatest manufacturer of wheat of all nations of Europe, but its manufacture of grain in an acre - is no more than four seventh that from the Great Britain while its manufacture of grain in hand agriculture is only two thirds that from the Great Britain. But the most part of agricultural effort of France is devoted such industries as the poultry can be continued in small farms or potato lifting , for example, and lifting of fruit and ', lifting it' a full product of money in an acre in France [99] are not far except that it is in the Great Britain. That is, while the agriculture more with advantage is continued in Big
The Great Britain than in France, it proportionally supports number of people in France than in the Great Britain.
WATERWAYS OF FRANCE AND RAILWAYS

Toronto (200 000), the capital of area of Ontario, is the second city of Canada

Toronto (200 000), the capital of area of Ontario, is the second city of Canada. While Toronto have a big local trade and a lot of important , it is especially noted as the educational centre. Quebec (80 000) is the oldest city of Canada and one of the oldest on continent. At Halifax (50 000), east final stop of the Canadian railway system, is one of the finest harbours in the world. Winnipeg (35 000) is intended to be the centre of the big domestic trade of Canada.
[194]
XIII. TRADING FEATURES OF THE UNITED STATES
CHARACTER OF OUR EXPORT TRADE

Despite resources of Russia in products of a farm and in minerals, nevertheless, owing to ignorance

Despite resources of Russia in products of a farm and in minerals, nevertheless, owing to ignorance and degradation of its people, it - the bad country, and its export always - is more than its import. Its full riches in the inhabitant make only 305$, in comparison with 780$ on the inhabitant for [125] Germany, 1260$ for France, and
1510$ for the Great Britain and Ireland. Its full foreign trade makes only 5$ on the inhabitant whereas foreign trade of its neighbour, Germany, makes 35$ on the inhabitant. Its full domestic trade makes only 50$ on the inhabitant whereas even in Greece domestic trade makes 65$ on the inhabitant while in Germany it is 130$ on the inhabitant, and in 215$ on the inhabitant of the United States. The reason of all of it is shortage of energy and the industry in people. Their income in an average of the inhabitant only 12 cents a day. Other reason - shortage of modern household appliances. Comparing the inhabitant with the inhabitant, at Russia is only the one sixth steam power which Germany has. One half of all the countries is made in the country that is, without the driving power or cars. Any industry in Russia not completely to requirements of people when it is estimated under standards of other countries. For example, despite gravity of the climate, only two pounds of a crude wool in the inhabitant are consumed in woollen Russia, in comparison with seven pounds consumed in Germany, and full annual value of all makes only 20$ on the inhabitant, in comparison with 56$ in Germany, and 88$ in the Great Britain. Despite these adverse comparisons, do successes factory industries of Russia. In seventy years cotton-mills have increased and in thirty double years. In sixty years the cotton manufacturing industry has increased sevenfold, and in fifteen double years. Until recently Russia exported a wool. Now it imports more wool, than it exports. Ninety years ago in Russia iron was more expensive than bread, and peasants used wooden actions of a plough and have left their horses shoeless. Now consumption of hardware though still in the inhabitant the least in Europe, is nevertheless in aggregate the fourth in Europe though even in this case it - only two ninth, that it is in the Great Britain. [126] creation of sugar of the Beet - also the new industry, and 500 000 tons are made annually, number
The sugar works which are 235. The crop of a beet of the country makes almost 6 000 000 tons annually. But sugar consumption in the inhabitant makes only seven pounds annually, in comparison with eighteen pounds on the inhabitant in Germany. The universal industry everywhere across Russia - , and a skin of Russia, with its fragrant oil a birch aroma, is highly expensive goods all over the world. But the made quantity makes only 114 000 tons annually, and the exported quantity is insignificant.
RAILWAYS OF RUSSIA AND THE NAVIGABLE RIVERS

The privilege - the right given by the state or municipal corporation to people or to private

The privilege - the right given by the state or municipal corporation to people or to private corporation. The privilege of the company of the railway - the right to operate its road. Such privilege has a value which is completely distinct from value of factory or the usual property of corporation.

There the class of financial institutions which take some kind of the second plan between

There the class of financial institutions which take some kind of the second plan between commercial bank and savings bank has grown in this country, how much their service to the public is interested. They - that is known as to the company. National banks are forbidden according to the law from creation of loans on real estate and though the State Banks are not insured thus as a good banking they usually avoid loans of this character. The policy of commercial banks should make many rather small loans for a paper of the reduced working day while that from the companies should make the big loans for old [224] securities. Deposits the companies consist substantially of the serene sums what could be bypassed managers, executors, trustees,
Committees, societies, or from private conditions. They - what hardly will fluctuate very much in quantity. From the nature of their trust of deposits of the company find it convenient and favourable to make the big loans and in longer periods, than do usual banks. the companies not only receive the sums of money for the deposit which is subject to the check and for savings, and lend money for the bill and other securities, also, as well as commercial banks; but they also operate as agents, trustees, executors, managers, representatives, receivers for individual properties, and corporations. They often help as patrons or reorganizers of corporations and with sale of stocks, bonds, and securities. They operate also as agents for payment of the obligations which are becoming ripe in the future dates, such as awards on insurance, interest on and bonds, etc. the companies are organised according to state laws in which they exist and are usually subject to all supervision demanded in case of the State Banks.
[225]
III. CORPORATIONS AND THE JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES [9]
CORPORATIONS

C involves H for? 2000, sells the project to bank in Boston; they send to Bank of New York, and

The correspondent, speaks Bank B, with instructions to gather from Hamburg
C involves H for? 2000, sells the project to bank in Boston; they send to Bank of New York, and [33] New York bank to their London
The correspondent, speaks Bank B, with instructions to gather from Hamburg.

Parity of currency of any two means of the countries, among dealers, equivalence of certain amount

Parity of currency of any two means of the countries, among dealers, equivalence of certain amount (coin) currency of that in (coin) the currency of another, assuming currencies and to have exact weight and the cleanliness established by corresponding mints. An exchange nominal rate between the Great Britain and the United States 4.862? 3; that is? 1 sterling costs 4.862$? 3. The exchange is specified daily in New York and other city newspapers at 4.87, 4.88, 4.88?, Etc., for accounts of a kind and on higher norm for six-ten-day accounts. Business men who are accustomed to supervision of fluctuations in exchange rates to use quotations as some kind of a barometre to predict trading conditions. Import and ingot export (nonfictional gold) are the real test of an exchange. If the ingot is not constant, flowing neither in, nor from the country, its exchanges as can really speak, face value; And on the other hand, if the ingot is exported from the country, it is the proof, that an exchange against it; and on the contrary if there to be the big import.

In the big city checks representing millions of dollars, are deposited in banks every day

In the big city checks representing millions of dollars, are deposited in banks every day. Their separate collection would be almost impossible, there was it not for clearing house system. Each big city has a clearing house. It is the establishment generated by banks directly, and for their own convenience. Leading banks of a city connect themselves to a clearing house of that city, and through other banks with clearing houses of other cities, especially New York. Country banks connect themselves to one or more clearing houses through city banks which do them [22] business for them.
The New York banks, substantially through private bankers, branches of foreign bank buildings, connect themselves to London so that each bank in the world has been connected indirectly with any bank in the world, and in London a final clearing house of the world.
Advantages of system of a clearing house.

But that is more than something else have made London great shopping centre of the world, was a

But that is more than something else have made London great shopping centre of the world, was a policy, now it is a lot of years accepted by the British people, permissions of the goods and products of all other nations to enter into their ports not imposed with the tax. Each port in the Great Britain ex-port an input for all imported goods except alcohol, tobacco, wine, tea, coffee, cocoa, both chicory; and to courts of all nations allow to trade in the British ports on terms precisely same as established for the British courts. The result consists that the Great Britain became a warehouse or an auction hall of distribution for a world product. Vessels of all nations are found in [74] its moorings, and consumer goods from all parts of the world have entered those vessels, are found in its warehouses. Its commercial fleet
Vessels number 21 000, and 8000 from them - steamships. The tonnage of these courts makes more than 8 750 000 tons, and it almost 8 000 000 are occupied in one only foreign trade. Its commercial sailor"s number more than 250 000 men, and more than 150 000 of them is occupied in foreign trade. London - it is final, the main winner from this fine trade. Twenty seven percent. From the whole trade of the country is in her hands. Its dealers are engaged in commerce in each sea port on globe, and trade of the Great Britain with ports in Europe, Levant, Egypt, India, the East Indies, China, Japan, and , almost they completely operate. Its shipment covers the finest merchant marine fleets, known to trade. Its docks and moorings are stretched from both parties of Thames for twenty four miles from the London Bridge downwards to Gravesend, and are the greatest and the finest in the world.
The British commercial marine. In comparison with that from other countries.
[75]
London the WORLD CLEARING HOUSE

As these banks - keepers of superfluous savings of considerable quantities of people about whom

As these banks - keepers of superfluous savings of considerable quantities of people about whom laws of these several states have insured them with many guarantees, [222] not only for protection of investors, but also establishments directly. It is extremely correct and ought that the state, through its bank
Special representatives or otherwise, should while to supervise operations of savings banks to see, that they carry out the part of their contract with investors.

Japan, being a volcanic origin, the most part of its soil is unsuitable to

Japan, being a volcanic origin, the most part of its soil is unsuitable to . The full productive area makes less than thirty percent., and even it only the small part is capable were tilled modern methods. In existing only twelve percent. From the whole surface of the country it is devoted agriculture, even including pasturing. There is, however, but small pasturing, and a basic tool - a shovel. The modern plough is unknown. But fertilizer (mainly internal fertilizer and dust of fish) is very magnanimously used, and it means, that it is a lot of returning. The basic crop of food - fig. Other grain crops of food - wheat, barley, and a soya bean, but they not in a considerable quantity so. The grown up products of the head with a view of trade - a tree of a mulberry tree (to support the silkworm), tea factory, a varnish tree, and a camphor tree. Rice also is grown up for export just as for house consumption, and the clap very much is substantially grown up for the domestic industry. No milk, oil, or cheese are made, hardly any meat, any wood, and hardly any skin. (For boots and boots [151] the paper is used instead of a skin). From horned livestock is only 1 000 000, in comparison with 10 000 000 in British isles,
Though the population of Japan - is considerable . From horses is 1 500 000, and lifting of horses is very encouraged by the government, but mainly in the military purposes. Horses, really, are too a little employed. In cities, with a view of the car and transportation by motor transport, men are used instead of horses. Even in rural areas of a horse are unknown for agriculture of the purposes, and not, even the manual cart or a wheelbarrow are used. All bear. Fruit is very lifted, - oranges, apples, walnuts, plums, peaches, and , - but the Japanese fruit has very much the lowest quality. Flowers are lifted everywhere in the big variety and in the big abundance, and the chrysanthemum - an emblem of the country and is used on stamps.
MANUFACTURING OF JAPAN: THEIR FUTURE POSSIBILITIES

It to be essential by an agency life that its messages [261] fair and free from any element of

It to be essential by an agency life that its messages [261] fair and free from any element of doubt. The public confidence of reliability of messages will be
Define company prosperity. Probably at first sight it would seem, as though the system of the message on the financial information was serious discrimination against men of the smaller capital and in favour of the rich man. But the simple capital not the unique element entering an estimation of ability to pay. Character and reputation - strong forces in the help to the dealer in credit definition. The agency opens the facts and not opinions. And it within a range of possibility of any to create and support its credit. The capital can gradually grow, but the credit sometimes is established or collapses the unique certificate.

The basic export of China - tea and silk, the tea making approximately one third and silk (mainly

The basic export of China - tea and silk, the tea making approximately one third and silk (mainly crude silk) completely one half of its full export trade. Other basic export - sugar, a straw lace (one twentieth its full export), disappears, a paper, china, and pottery. Its basic import - and the cotton goods, the opium making one fifth, and the cotton goods much more than half, its full trade in import. Other basic import - the woollen goods, the metal goods and cars, coal, and kerosene oil. Considerable import also is made of a crude clap. But if China only had a blessing of the educated and progressive government this arrangement of export and import long would not proceed. Resources of China of coal among the finest and it is final among the greatest in the whole world. Its coal fields, really as is estimated, are in twenty times bigger than that of all incorporated Europe. The most part of this coal, also, has the purest quality, and its most part very accessible to the miner. And about its coal fields extensive deposits of some of the richest iron ores in the world. Again, the most part of soil of China is extremely fertile. There are really two areas, one of '' and another, very much [143] are more extensive, 'yellow soil,' it among the most fertile in the world. It - because of degree and abundance of yellow soil of China it
'Yellow' imperial colour, and the emperor named 'the yellow lord.' Climate, also, the Chinese admissions almost whole range of useful vegetative products which will be lifted. Clap growth is already very big because for a clap of seven centuries there was a basic fabric for clothes of people. And already it is made by modern cars. But also growth of a clap and its manufacturing by modern methods would be extremely increased, if only services for internal transportation existed, and freedom from the unfair taxation could be provided. If, to put it briefly, China only had railways both the good and educated system of the government its advancement and prosperity soon would make the Western world envious. But its government is not only silly improgressive, it also is fatally prodigal. Approximately seventy percent. From the whole income of the country it is lost to public use through evil deed of officials. And only approximately 85 miles of the railway were for the present open, though it is necessary to tell, that 200 or 250 miles are in work more.
POSSIBILITIES OF THE INCREASED FOREIGN TRADE WITH PORCELAIN

These exchanges have some kind of commodity value and as all consumer goods, depend on the supply

These exchanges have some kind of commodity value and as all consumer goods, depend on the supply and demand law. When gold goes abroad, we say, that active balance against us that is, we buy more from Europe, than Europe buys from us, and gold is sent to pay balance or distinction.

Superfluous Fund

Superfluous Fund. It is not standard to pay the dividend than good interest. The profit remaining after expenses and dividends, is paid, financed to that name superfluous fund. This fund - the property of shareholders also is usually invested in good securities.

Some buildings bring the projects for a collection in them [31] house banks while others have a

Where the debtor lives
Some buildings bring the projects for a collection in them [31] house banks while others have a custom of their parcel directly to some bank in or about a place
Where the debtor lives. If the place - very small, a collection sometimes becomes through one of the special companies.

In check approval remember, that the left end of the person - top when you overturn it

In check approval remember, that the left end of the person - top when you overturn it. Write the name as you are accustomed to write it. If you bring the check, pure that is, with simple yours the name the answer; or you can write or print 'the Payment to the order (bank in which you bring)', and follow with the signature. Any [244] does the check by the absolute property of bank. If you wish to
Pass the check to some specific person write 'the Payment to the order (a designation of the person)' and follow with your own signature; or you can simply write the name on a back. Last form would consider imprudent if you sent the check through mail, for the reason, that pure does the check check payable to bearer. Authorised printed it is so good as written. Whether are accepted such , or does not depend on clearing house instructions in a specific city in which to them offer for the deposit.
NUMBERING OF CHECKS
The certified check.

Receiver certificates are let out by receivers of corporations, the companies, etc

Receiver certificates are let out by receivers of corporations, the companies, etc., in financial difficulties to provide a working capital; to them give the first rights to the property and are placed above previous mortgaging deduction and the first mortgages.
XVII. TRANSPORTATION

In the letter and signing of checks use good profit and to allow a copy to dry a little before the

In the letter and signing of checks use good profit and to allow a copy to dry a little before the blotting paper is used.

Calcutta (862 000) is capital of empire of India and the second city in British Empire

Calcutta (862 000) is capital of empire of India and the second city in British Empire. Though it is located on a hand of delta of Ganges, eighty miles in the country, Calcutta - huge seaport, but its seaworthy privileges can be supported only great machine-building factory, because of the silt, which Ganges constantly reduces and brings in aside exhausting channels. Calcutta possesses almost monopoly of the whole trade of valleys of Ganges and , and to a building of Suez canal, at it was almost monopoly of trade directed outside of the whole peninsula of Hindustan. Its full trade is even nevertheless very big, incorporating for and internal business directed outside together approximately 700 000 000$ in a year, the sum which can be appreciated from the fact, that it about equal to full trade in import of all United States. Bombay (822 000), the second city of the Indian Empire, owe the popularity to three things: (1) opening of Suez canal which has made it port of India the closest England; (2) start of the industry growing up a clap in India, owing to the American civil war (a growing up clap the area of India is adjacent with Bombay); and (3) development of railway system of India which does Bombay, instead of Calcutta a natural ocean exit for trade [138] country. Madras (453 000), the third city
India, also the third seaport. But it does not have any natural harbour, and its coast is broken by a surf and within many months together exposed full fury of northeast monsoons. The artificial harbour, however, has been recently constructed. Besides cities, aforementioned, there is one (Hyderabad) with the population more than 400 000; there are two (Lucknow and Benares) with the population more than 150 000 everyone, and eleven more with the population more than 100 000 everyone. There is besides forty seven cities with the population more than 50 000 everyone, and more than one thousand cities with the population approximately 10 000 everyone.
[139]
VII. TRADING FEATURES OF PORCELAIN
IMMENSITY OF AREA OF PORCELAIN AND THE POPULATION

The note should be presented for payment to exact day of a maturity

The note should be presented for payment to exact day of a maturity. Notes have made subject to payment in bank, or in any other place, should be presented for payment in the named place. When no place is defined, the note subject to payment in a place of the manufacturer of business or in its residence.

Clearing house - rather modern establishment, the Edinburgh bankers demanding the credit of an

Clearing house - rather modern establishment, the Edinburgh bankers demanding the credit of an establishment first. The earliest clearing house which transactions we have any report, is a clearing house of London based approximately in 1775. Within completely seventy five years the London clearing house and that from Edinburgh were the unique organisations of the kind known to exist. Monetary and credit systems of the majority of the European countries concentrating round one great national bank, located for the capital of everyone, found in it means of realisation of commercial settlements. The New York clearing house has been established in 1853 from which are dated, the American system of a clearing house grew to huge proportions. Any country in the world does not have so big requirement of clearing houses, as in any country a banker"s check, so in general used in payment of usual accounts.
TRANSFER of CREDITS To CLEARING HOUSES

The history of building of the American railways covers the period of seventy years

The history of building of the American railways covers the period of seventy years. The most part of [268] our distance has been constructed with 1870.
The following table and the diagramme illustrate growth of our railway system during every decade:

[6] Part of export of the grains made to Hongkong, undoubtedly is intended for consumption in China

[6] Part of export of the grains made to Hongkong, undoubtedly is intended for consumption in China and Japan.
[205]
OUR EXPORT OF CONDITIONS AND ANIMALS
Basic articles of internal export of the United States. [7]
FOOTNOTE:

[7]

The example resulted below displays badly written check and what could be very easily lifted
[7]
The example resulted below displays badly written check and what could be very easily lifted. The roguish receiver could, for example write, 'ninety' before 'six' and '9' before number '6', and thus to lift the check from 6$ to 96$. If it has been made, and the check on money the manufacturer, instead of the bank, would become responsible for loss. You cannot consider other people responsible for your own negligence. The check has been lifted from 100$ to 190$ by the letter of words 'and ninety' after words 'hundred.' One of code numbers in numbers has been changed on '9', adding a tail to it. Wisely to pull a running line, thus ~~~~~~, after quantity in words, thus preventing any additional letter.
Badly delayed check.

All South American states listed above, except for Brazil, at first have seized and 'are settled'

All South American states listed above, except for Brazil, at first have seized and 'are settled' by Spaniards, and the Spanish language still remains in them language of the government, formation, [179] and a society. Brazil at first have seized and 'is settled' by Portugueses, and
In Brazil the Portuguese language the same as in other place on continent the Spanish language prevails prevails. Among natives various languages are found many, but in Brazil 'common language' one is used, entered by original Portuguese missionaries, and has understood almost all tribes. Between Brazil and Venezuela a triangular part of the country under the name Guiana which, unlike other part of the South America, is still under the control of the European powers. It consists from three French parts of Guiana, the Dutch Guiana, and the British colonies of Guiana of France, Holland, and the Great Britain, accordingly. Disregarding Guiana, the South America has received the all civilisation from Spain and Portugal, and, except for Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil, there was a small or any emigration in any South American country except from these two European countries. To Argentina, however, there was a big emigration from Italy especially, but also and from France, the Great Britain (mainly from Ireland and the Wales), Germany, and Sweden. Similar emigration took place to Uruguay, though foreigners in Uruguay - mainly Basques, people who live on a boundary region between Spain and France, but not neither Spanish, nor the French language. In Brazil immigration where it was not Portuguese, was basically Italian and German, and in moderate area of the extreme south of Brazil there is a big German population. Everywhere in the South America the richest parts are the parts, which profits is the most direct under the influence of recent European emigration.
THE ARGENTINA REPUBLIC

Calcutta (862 000) is capital of empire of India and the second city in British Empire

Calcutta (862 000) is capital of empire of India and the second city in British Empire. Though it is located on a hand of delta of Ganges, eighty miles in the country, Calcutta - huge seaport, but its seaworthy privileges can be supported only great machine-building factory, because of the silt, which Ganges constantly reduces and brings in aside exhausting channels. Calcutta possesses almost monopoly of the whole trade of valleys of Ganges and , and to a building of Suez canal, at it was almost monopoly of trade directed outside of the whole peninsula of Hindustan. Its full trade is even nevertheless very big, incorporating for and internal business directed outside together approximately 700 000 000$ in a year, the sum which can be appreciated from the fact, that it about equal to full trade in import of all United States. Bombay (822 000), the second city of the Indian Empire, owe the popularity to three things: (1) opening of Suez canal which has made it port of India the closest England; (2) start of the industry growing up a clap in India, owing to the American civil war (a growing up clap the area of India is adjacent with Bombay); and (3) development of railway system of India which does Bombay, instead of Calcutta a natural ocean exit for trade [138] country. Madras (453 000), the third city
India, also the third seaport. But it does not have any natural harbour, and its coast is broken by a surf and within many months together exposed full fury of northeast monsoons. The artificial harbour, however, has been recently constructed. Besides cities, aforementioned, there is one (Hyderabad) with the population more than 400 000; there are two (Lucknow and Benares) with the population more than 150 000 everyone, and eleven more with the population more than 100 000 everyone. There is besides forty seven cities with the population more than 50 000 everyone, and more than one thousand cities with the population approximately 10 000 everyone.
[139]
VII. TRADING FEATURES OF PORCELAIN
IMMENSITY OF AREA OF PORCELAIN AND THE POPULATION

The commercial superiority reached many of big cities of Great Britain, does not occur absolutely

The commercial superiority reached many of big cities of Great Britain, does not occur absolutely because of the natural reasons, or even to the usual reasons. The most part of it occurs because of the extraordinary enterprise and foresight from their citizens. London, for example, is the centre of trade in a wool of the Great Britain. Woollen manufacturers of the Great Britain use approximately 250 000 tons of a wool annually, and three quarters of it are imported. Other cities which lay about places of the big woollen Liverpool , for to have an example tried to provide the action of this extensive import of a wool, but London, because of special attention which it gives to this trade, is able to hold almost all trade in its own hands. In the same way London almost completely monopolises trade of England with Arabia, India, the East Indies, China, and Japan. It - therefore the big shopping centre for tea, coffee, sugar, spices, indigo, and crude silk. It also possesses the most part of the British trade in fruit (oranges, lemons, currants, raisin, fig., dates, etc.) and in wines, an olive oil, and more mad, with the countries which lie about the Mediterranean. Advantage partially its situations, but substantially because of the enterprise of its dealers, it absorbs almost all British French trade, and trade of England with Germany, Belgium, Holland, and Denmark. It the fault (from France), and oil includes mainly, [82] eggs, and vegetables.
Other big branch of its trade that with ports of Baltic, including that of Russia, import inclusion, besides wheat and a wool, oil, wood, hashish, and a linen seed. The tobacco imported from Virginia to England, goes almost completely to London; so does almost all and the South American trade in fine woods, dyes, drugs, sugar, disappears, rubber, coffee, and diamonds. Rather big action of trade of the Great Britain with Canada is concentrated in London; also, it is more than one half of trade of England with West Indies, import from last country including mainly sugar, treacle, fruit, rum, coffee, cocoa, fine woods, and ginger.
SPECIAL TRADING FEATURES OF GLASGOW, LIVERPOOL, AND MANCHESTER

When the note is presented for payment to a maturity and not paid, to it usually object; that is,

When the note is presented for payment to a maturity and not paid, to it usually object; that is, the public of the notary does the formal statement, that the note has been presented for payment, and to payment have given up. The notice on such protest send to the manufacturer of the note and to everyone indorser.

Assume it A

Assume it A. B. Is going to make the European trip. It goes to the bank doing foreign business, to speak Brown Bros and Co. New York, also asks the circular letter for? 1000 for which he is obliged to pay approximately 4880$. Copies A. B. " s the signature leave with Brown Bros and Co., also can be probably sent their foreign bank buildings. When A. B. It is represented in bank of Glasgow or Paris with its letter of credit, and asks payment on it, the banker asks, that he has signed the project on Brown Bros and Co., New York, or it is more probable on their London bank, for the demanded quantity, what quantity has been immediately confirmed on the second page of the letter of credit so that when are equaled to the person, the letter has been completely paid. A. B. Simply catches up with its own account that is, on money, which it has brought to provide the letter of credit.

[3] As the aforementioned has been written, the scheme has been developed very considerable way to

[3] As the aforementioned has been written, the scheme has been developed very considerable way to end. The name
The confederation should be 'Commonwealth of Australia.'
AREA AND CLIMATE OF AUSTRALIA